Pulmonary Sarcoidosis: Experimental Models and Perspectives of Molecular Diagnostics Using Quantum Dots

Sarcoidosis is a complex inflammatory multisystem disease of unknown etiology that characterised by epithelioid cell granulomatous lesions affecting various organs, mainly the lungs. In general, sarcoidosis asymptomatic, but some cases result in severe complications and organ failure. So far, no accurate validated modelling for clinical pathohistological manifestations suggested. Moreover, knowledge about disease-specific diagnostic markers scarce. For instance, pulmonary granulomatosis associated with upregulated production proinflammatory molecules: TNF-α, IL-6, CXCL1, CCL2, CCL18, CD163, serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (sACE), lysozyme, neopterin, amyloid A (SAA). Quantum dots (QDs) are widely applied molecular diagnostics diseases. QDs semiconductor nanoparticles few nanometres size, made from ZnS, CdS, ZnSe, etc., unique physical chemical properties useful labelling detection biological experiments. can conjugate antibodies or oligonucleotides, allowing high-sensitivity targets organs cells. Our review describes existing experimental models (in vitro, vivo, silico), their advantages restrictions, as well quantum potential applications sarcoidosis. The most promising include mice TSC2 deletion an silico multiscale computational model (SarcoidSim), developed using transcriptomics flow cytometry human sarcoid biopsies. Both efficient to test different candidate drugs